Original URL 4/21/1997: http://www.vote-smart.org/congress/105/mo/mo-01-a/mo-01-a96npat.html
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Representative Clay

State of Missouri -- District 1

Party: Democrat

Responses to the 1996 Congressional NPAT

Abortion / Affirmative Action / Balanced Budget Amendment / Budgetary Issues / Campaign Finance Reform / Crime / Defense Spending / Education / Environment / Federalism / Foreign Policy / Gun Issues / Health Care / Illegal Drugs / Immigration / Line Item Veto / Moral And Ethical Decline / Poverty And Homelessness / Taxes / Term Limits / Terrorism / Trade / Unemployment / Welfare / Legislative Priorities /

Please Note

The 1996 Congressional National Political Awareness Test (NPAT) asks candidates which items they will support if elected. It does not ask them to indicate which items they will oppose. If a candida te does not select a response to any part or all of any question, it does not necessarily indicate that the candidate is opposed to that particular item.

Through our extensive research of public polling data over the last two years, we discovered that American voters were concerned with what candidates would support when elected to office, not what they were opposed to. That is why the NPAT is a positive questionnaire, asking only what a candidate supports, not what he/she is opposed to.


ABORTION


Indicate all principles you support concerning abortion.
[X] a) Abortions should always be legally available.

[X] b) Abortions should be legal in all circumstances as long as the
    procedure is completed within the first trimester of pregnancy.

[ ] c) Abortions should be legal only when the pregnancy resulted from
    incest or rape or when the life of the woman is endangered.

[ ] d) Abortions should be legal only when the life of the woman is
    endangered.

[ ] e) Abortions should be limited by waiting periods and notification
    requirements as decided by each state government.

[ ] f) Abortions should always be illegal.

[ ] g) Other


Responses on other issues


AFFIRMATIVE ACTION


Indicate your position concerning affirmative action programs.
[X] a) The federal government should consider preferences to minority-owned
    businesses in granting government contracts.

[X] b) The federal government should prosecute cases of discrimination in
    the public sector.

[X] c) The federal government should prosecute cases of discrimination in
    the private sector.

[ ] d) The federal government should provide affirmative actions programs
    as long as such programs do not include quotas.

[ ] e) The federal government should not provide any affirmative action
    programs.

[ ] f) Other


Responses on other issues


BALANCED BUDGET AMENDMENT


Do you support amending the US Constitution to require an annual balanced

federal budget?
   [ ] yes     [X] NO     [ ] undecided


Responses on other issues


BUDGETARY ISSUES


1) Indicate what changes you support (if any) concerning levels of federal

funding for the following categories.  Select one number only.
a) AIDS Programs -- Greatly Increase

b) Arts funding -- Maintain Status

c) Education (K-12) -- Greatly Increase

d) Environmental programs -- Slightly Increase

e) Housing projects -- Slightly Increase

f) Job training programs -- Greatly Increase

g) Law enforcement -- Maintain Status

h) Medicaid -- Didn't Answer --

i) Medicare -- Didn't Answer --

j) NASA -- Maintain Status

k) Student loan programs -- Greatly Increase

l) Welfare (AFDC) -- Slightly Increase

m) Other

n) Other

o) Other

2) Do you support the use of block grants given to states, rather than federal spending, in the following areas?
a) Agriculture
   [ ] yes     [ ] no     [X] UNDECIDED

b) Education
   [ ] yes     [X] NO     [ ] undecided

c) Farm subsidies
   [ ] yes     [ ] no     [X] UNDECIDED

d) Food stamps
   [ ] yes     [X] NO     [ ] undecided

e) Law enforcement
   [ ] yes     [ ] no     [X] UNDECIDED

f) Medicaid
   [ ] yes     [X] NO     [ ] undecided

g) Medicare
   [ ] yes     [X] NO     [ ] undecided

h) School lunches
   [ ] yes     [X] NO     [ ] undecided

i) Welfare
   [ ] yes     [X] NO     [ ] undecided

j) Other
   [ ] yes     [ ] no


Responses on other issues


CAMPAIGN FINANCE REFORM


Indicate which principles you support regarding campaign finance reform.
[ ] a) Prohibit Political Action Committee (PAC) contributions to
    candidates for federal office.

[ ] b) Establish spending limits on congressional campaigns and provide
    public funding for complying candidates.

[ ] c) Support legislation that would increase the federal limits on
    individual contributions.

[X] d) Pass legislation that would encourage full and timely disclosure of
    campaign finance information.

[ ] e) Remove all legislative limits on campaign financing.

[ ] f) Other


Responses on other issues


CRIME


Indicate which principles you support to address crime.
[ ] a) Broaden use of the death penalty for federal crimes.

[ ] b) Increase spending to build more federal prisons.

[ ] c) Impose "truth in sentencing" for violent criminals so they serve
    full sentences with no chance of parole.

[ ] d) Support the use of "boot camps" as alternative sentencing for adult
    first-time felons.

[ ] e) Limit the number of appeals allowed to inmates on death row.

[X] f) Fund programs to provide prison inmates with vocational and
    job-related skills and job-placement assistance when released.

[X] g) Expand funding for community policing programs.

[X] h) Increase penalties for the possession of any illegal firearms.

[ ] i) Prosecute youths accused of murder as adults.

[X] j) Increase funding for local Boys & Girls Clubs and other independent
    organizations in communities with at-risk youth.

[X] k) Reduce prison sentences for those who commit non-violent crimes.

[ ] l) Deport all permanent resident aliens convicted of a felony.

[ ] m) Other


Responses on other issues


DEFENSE SPENDING


Indicate what changes you support (if any) regarding funding for the

following categories.  Select one number only.
1) CIA appropriations -- Greatly Decrease

2) Defense plant conversion -- Slightly Increase

3) Military hardware -- Maintain Status

4) Military space shuttle missions -- Slightly Decrease

5) Pay for active duty personnel -- Maintain Status

6) Development of new weapons -- Greatly Decrease

7) Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) -- Eliminate

8) Armed Forces personnel training -- Maintain Status

9) Other


Responses on other issues


EDUCATION


1) Do you support amending the United States Constitution to allow

voluntary prayer and/or moment of silence in public schools?
   [ ] yes     [X] NO     [ ] undecided

2) Do you support funding the National Service Program (Ameri-Corps) in which young people receive money from the federal government for college in return for performing community service?
   [X] YES     [ ] no     [ ] undecided

3) Indicate which principles you support concerning education.
[X] a) Maintain the national standards and goals set forth in "Goals 2000".

[ ] b) Provide parents with vouchers to send their children to any publicly
    funded school.

[ ] c) Provide parents with vouchers to send their children to any
    participating school:  public, private or religious.

[ ] d) Implement charter schools where teachers and professionals receive
    authorization and funding to establish new schools.

[ ] e) Eliminate the Department of Education, thereby giving state and
    local government greater control over educational issues.

[ ] f) Other


Responses on other issues


ENVIRONMENT


Indicate which principles or programs you support regarding America's

environment and natural resources.
[ ] a) Transfer public lands, such as federal forests and range lands, to
    the jurisdiction of state and local governments.

[ ] b) Require the federal government to reimburse citizens when
    environmental regulations limit use of privately owned lands.

[X] c) Strengthen the Clean Water Act.

[ ] d) Change the Endangered Species Act of 1973 to limit the number of
    habitats eligible to be designated as endangered.

[ ] e) Utilize cost-benefit analysis to determine economic impacts of
    proposed environmental protection and cleanup legislation.

[X] f) Increase fees charged to ranchers who graze cattle on federal lands.

[X] g) Revise the 1872 mining law to increase the amounts charged to mining
    companies using federal lands.

[X] h) Encourage development of alternative fuels and electric cars to
    reduce pollution.

[X] i) Strengthen emission controls on all gasoline or diesel powered
    engines, including cars and trucks.

[ ] j) Increase federal taxes on gasoline and diesel fuels to promote
    conservation and alternative fuel development.

[X] k) Require that a percentage of purchases made by federal agencies
    include recycled components.

[ ] l) Promote the selling of pollution credits to encourage industries to
    decrease amount of pollution.

[ ] m) Other


Responses on other issues


FEDERALISM


Indicate which level of government should have primary responsibility for

the following services.  Select one level only.
1) Border security -- Federal

2) Civil rights enforcement -- Federal

3) Education -- State

4) Environmental cleanup -- Federal

5) Job training -- Federal

6) Law enforcement -- Local

7) Low-income housing -- Federal

8) Medicaid -- Federal

9) Medicare -- Federal

10) Welfare (AFDC) -- Federal

11) Other


Responses on other issues


FOREIGN POLICY


1) Should the US have diplomatic relations with the government of Cuba?
   [X] YES     [ ] no     [ ] undecided

2) Should the US have diplomatic relations with the government of Vietnam?
   [X] YES     [ ] no     [ ] undecided

3) Should the US recognize and extend full diplomatic relations to Taiwan?
   [X] YES     [ ] no     [ ] undecided

4) Should the US continue funding for Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty?
   [ ] yes     [X] NO     [ ] undecided

5) Should the US continue funding for Radio Marti and TV Marti?
   [ ] yes     [X] NO     [ ] undecided

6) Should the US continue funding for Radio Free Asia?
   [ ] yes     [X] NO     [ ] undecided

7) Do you support the deployment of US troops to the former Yugoslavia?
   [ ] yes     [X] NO     [ ] undecided

8) Indicate your position concerning economic aid to Russia and the former Soviet republics.
[ ] a) Economic aid to Russia and the former republics should be increased
    to facilitate democracy and market reforms.

[X] b) Economic aid to Russia and the former republics should be continued
    unless Russia exports nuclear weapons or related technology.

[ ] c) Economic aid to Russia and the former republics should be decreased
    and/or eliminated.

[ ] d) Other

9) Indicate which principles you support regarding US economic aid to foreign countries.
[ ] a) Foreign aid should only be given when extraordinary circumstances
    and disaster threaten the lives of civilian populations.

[ ] b) Foreign aid should be given to countries only when it is in the
    security interests of the United States.

[ ] c) Foreign aid should be eliminated from any nation with documented
    human rights abuses.

[X] d) Foreign aid should be maintained at current levels.

[ ] e) Other

10) Indicate which principles you support regarding the United States - United Nations relationship.
[ ] a) The US should contribute more funding and troops to United Nations
    peacekeeping missions.

[ ] b) The US should participate in UN peacekeeping missions only when
    vital US interests are directly threatened.

[X] c) The US should use military force only when the US border or
    territories are attacked or American citizens are in danger.

[X] d) The US should pay the money it owes to the United Nations.

[ ] e) The US should withdraw from the UN completely.

[ ] f) Other


Responses on other issues


GUN ISSUES


Indicate which principles you support concerning gun issues.
[X] a) Expand the nationwide ban on the sale or transfer of assault weapons
    to include all forms of semi-automatic weapons.

[X] b) Increase restrictions on the purchase and possession of firearms.

[X] c) Maintain all federal registration procedures and restrictions on
    possessing firearms.

[ ] d) Ease procedures on the purchase and registration of firearms.

[ ] e) Repeal all bans and measures that restrict law-abiding citizens from
    owning legally-obtained firearms.

[ ] f) Allow law-abiding citizens to carry concealed firearms that are
    legally owned and registered.

[ ] g) Other


Responses on other issues


HEALTH CARE


Indicate which principles you support regarding America's health care

system.
[X] a) Implement a universal health care program to guarantee coverage to
    all Americans regardless of income.

[X] b) Provide vouchers to the working poor so they can buy into a private
    health care plan.

[X] c) Implement a government-financed, single-payer national health care
    system similar to that of Canada.

[ ] d) Support a "managed competition" health care plan to contain costs
    and improve access that does not include mandated health alliances,
    government cost control powers, or employer/employee mandates.

[ ] e) Provide tax incentives for small businesses to help provide health
    care to their employees.

[X] f) Allow middle and low income families to deduct yearly health care
    costs from their taxable income.

[ ] g) Establish limits on the amount of damages awarded in medical
    malpractice lawsuits.

[ ] h) Encourage tax-free medical savings accounts, which would be taxed if
    used for any purpose other than medical costs.

[ ] i) The federal government has no responsibility in providing health
    care.

[ ] j) Other


Responses on other issues


ILLEGAL DRUGS


Indicate which principles you support concerning illegal drugs.
[ ] a) Increase penalties for selling illegal drugs.

[ ] b) Impose mandatory jail sentences for selling illegal drugs.

[ ] c) Impose capital punishment for convicted international drug
    traffickers.

[ ] d) Require drug testing for federal employees in sensitive positions
    (Air Traffic Control, National Park Police, Secret Service, etc.).

[ ] e) Strengthen current laws dealing with non-controlled substances,
    including inhalants and commercially available pills.

[X] f) Increase funding of federally-sponsored drug education and drug
    treatment programs.

[ ] g) Decriminalize the possession and private use of marijuana.

[ ] h) Other


Responses on other issues


IMMIGRATION


Indicate which principles you support regarding issues relating to

immigration.
[ ] a) Further limit the number of immigrants allowed into the country.

[X] b) Prohibit states from passing laws that deny human services (medical
    care, education) to illegal immigrants or their children.

[ ] c) Ease citizenship requirements in order to make it easier for
    immigrants to become United States citizens.

[ ] d) Establish English as the official and recognized language of the
    United States.

[ ] e) Provide extra federal aid to states with higher numbers of
    immigrants for necessary medical and social services.

[ ] f) Restrict the eligibility of legal immigrants for certain social
    programs (i.e. AFDC, HUD housing, food stamps, etc.).

[ ] g) Children of illegal immigrants, born in the United States, should
    not automatically receive US citizenship.

[ ] h) Other


Responses on other issues


LINE ITEM VETO


Should the President be allowed to veto certain items of legislation while

signing spending or tax bills into law?
   [ ] yes     [X] NO     [ ] undecided


Responses on other issues


MORAL AND ETHICAL DECLINE


The American people have consistently mentioned the decline of morals and

ethics in America as a major problem facing the country.  Explain what you

will do as a member of Congress to address this concern.

Responses on other issues


POVERTY AND HOMELESSNESS


Indicate which principles you support regarding the poor and homeless.
[X] a) Provide tax incentives for companies to hire and train homeless
    people who want to work.

[X] b) Increase funding of homeless shelters and low income housing
    projects.

[X] c) Increase funding of programs that help alcoholics and drug addicts
    recover and find steady work.

[X] d) Increase the minimum wage.

[X] e) Provide homeless families with apartment vouchers they can use to
    supplement the cost of an apartment.

[X] f) Provide government jobs for those who wish to work and cannot find a
    job in the private sector.

[ ] g) Increase the income tax deduction on individual contributions made
    to charities that help the poor and homeless.

[X] h) Implement enterprise zones in communities with high unemployment.

[ ] i) Other


Responses on other issues


TAXES


1) Indicate the changes you support (if any) concerning the tax levels for

the following categories.  Select one number only.
Income Taxes

a) Retiree income over $40,000 -- Maintain Status

b) Family income less than $25,000 -- Greatly Decrease

c) Family income $25-75,000 -- Slightly Decrease

d) Family income $75-150,000 -- Maintain Status

e) Family income over $150,000 -- Slightly Increase

Other Tax Issues

f) Alcohol taxes -- Maintain Status

g) Capital gains taxes -- Maintain Status

h) Charitable deductions -- Maintain Status

i) Cigarette taxes -- Maintain Status

j) Corporate income taxes -- Slightly Increase

k) Earned income tax credit -- Maintain Status

l) Estate taxes -- Maintain Status

m) Medical expense deductions -- Slightly Increase

n) Mortgage deductions -- Maintain Status

o) Other

2) Do you support replacing the US income tax structure with a flat income tax?
   [ ] yes     [X] NO     [ ] undecided

3) Do you support replacing the US income tax structure with a broad-based consumption tax?
   [ ] yes     [X] NO     [ ] undecided


Responses on other issues


TERM LIMITS


1) Do you support amending the Constitution to limit the number of terms

which members of Congress can serve?
   [ ] yes     [X] NO     [ ] undecided

2) If you support term limits, how many years should each serve?
Senator (years)

Representatives (years)


Responses on other issues


TERRORISM


Indicate which principles you support concerning terrorism.
[ ] a) Relax current guidelines that forbid the Federal Bureau of
    Investigation (FBI) from investigating terrorist groups when there is a
    "reasonable indication" of terrorist activities.

[ ] b) Relax wiretapping restrictions to give the FBI broader authority to
    investigate terrorist suspects.

[X] c) Require that chemical tracing agents be added to commercially-sold
    products that can be used to produce explosives.

[X] d) Implement tighter restrictions on firearm sales in an effort to
    hinder terrorist groups from stockpiling weapon arsenals.

[ ] e) Grant broader authority to the US Immigration and Naturalization
    Service to deny entrance visas to terrorist suspects.

[ ] f) Maintain limits on the authority of federal agencies investigating
    suspected terrorists.

[ ] g) Restrict the investigative authority of the FBI and other
    governmental agencies.

[ ] h) Other


Responses on other issues


TRADE


1) Do you support the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)?
   [ ] yes     [X] NO     [ ] undecided

2) Do you support broadening NAFTA to include other countries?
   [ ] yes     [X] NO     [ ] undecided

3) Do you support the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)?
   [ ] yes     [ ] no     [X] UNDECIDED

4) Do you support the World Trade Organization (WTO)?
   [ ] yes     [ ] no     [X] UNDECIDED

5) Do you support lifting the trade embargo imposed against Cuba?
   [X] YES     [ ] no     [ ] undecided

6) Do you support imposing tariffs on products imported from nations that maintain restrictive trade barriers on American products?
   [X] YES     [ ] no     [ ] undecided

7) Should a nation's human rights record affect its "most favored nation" trading status with the United States?
   [X] YES     [ ] no     [ ] undecided


Responses on other issues


UNEMPLOYMENT


Indicate which principles you support regarding unemployment.
[X] a) Provide tax credits for companies that move job-creating industries
    into areas with high unemployment.

[X] b) Increase funding for national job-training programs.

[X] c) Increase funding for public works projects such as the repair of
    roads and bridges.

[ ] d) Eliminate government regulations of the private sector in order to
    encourage investment and economic expansion.

[X] e) Establish enterprise zones in areas with large numbers of unemployed
    people.

[X] f) Overhaul the current unemployment system by focusing on training and
    education in skills needed in certain industries.

[ ] g) Eliminate any governmental programs designed to reduce unemployment.

[ ] h) Other


Responses on other issues


WELFARE


Indicate which principles you support regarding the US welfare system.
[X] a) Strengthen child support collection procedures and increase
    penalties for parents who do not pay child support.

[ ] b) Impose a two-year limit on welfare benefits for recipients who are
    able to work.

[ ] c) Require welfare recipients to accept some form of
    government-sponsored job after two years if unemployed in the private
    sector.

[X] d) Require that unwed teenage mothers live with a parent or guardian
    (if possible) and attend school to receive benefits.

[ ] e) Limit the benefits given to single women if they have additional
    children while receiving welfare benefits.

[X] f) Provide child care services to welfare recipients who work or attend
    school.

[X] g) Provide rent or housing supplement vouchers for low-income families.

[ ] h) Make no substantial changes at this time.

[X] i) Increase funding of programs that prevent teen pregnancy and family
    break-up.

[X] j) Support programs that give incentives for employers to hire and
    train welfare recipients.

[ ] k) Other


Responses on other issues


LEGISLATIVE PRIORITIES


1) Explain your two main legislative priorities if elected to Congress.
"I will work to make education our nation's first priority and to uphold the rights of workers. We have the best colleges and universities in the world, yet less than 30% of Americans finish college. I support more school loan programs and more job training programs. I will work to ensure that American workers are empowered to address fundamental employment issues such as fair wages, job security, worker retraining, health care portability and pension security."

2) Should your priorities require additional government funding, please

explain how you intend to obtain the additional funding.
"No additional government funding is necessary, just a reordering of budget priorities and a restructuring of federal programs."

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