Keith J. Stine, Ph.D.

Professor Stine received his BS from Fairleigh Dickinson University and his Ph.D. from MIT. He was a postdoctoral fellow at UCLA and joined the UMSL faculty in 1990. He served as Chair of the Faculty Senate and University Assembly for two years and was appointed department chair on Aug. 1 2019.

Research Interests

Dr. Stine's research effort involves studies of modified surfaces and nanostructures. The surface modification of nanostructures is pursued with a focus on their prospective applications in bioanalytical chemistry such as in immunoassays, sensors, or in separations. Immobilization of proteins onto nanostructures of gold and other materials is pursued by adsorption or by covalent linkage to self-assembled monolayers. The characterization of these nanostructures by microscopy (SEM, TEM, AFM) is actively pursued. The bioanalytical application of these materials is pursued using primarily electrochemical methods such as impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Nanoporous gold and other related materials are of particular interest due to their high surface area and capacity to be surface modified, as well as their support of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). The preparation and characterization of these materials uses a range of electrochemical techniques and other analytical methods including gas adsorption isotherm analysis for determination of pore size, distribution, and surface area, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) for analysis of surface loading. Other projects concern the study of lipid monolayers and bilayers as models of processes occurring at the surface of cell membranes, and the use of these monolayers in molecular recognition studies. Monolayers are studied using surface pressure isotherms and Brewster angle microscopy. A special interest is in the field of carbohydrate - protein interactions at interfaces, motivated by the broad biological significance of carbohydrates. The field of supported synthesis of carbohydrates using nanoporous gold and related materials is also pursued in collaboration with the Demchenko lab at Saint Louis University.

Selected Publications

"Advances in Endotoxin Analysis", P. Sondhi, T. Adeniji, D. Lingden and K. J. Stine, Adv. Clinical Chem. 2024, 118, 1.

"HPLC-Based Automated Synthesis and Purification of Carbohydrates", G. A. Kashiwagi, L. Petrosilli, S. Escopy, L. Lay, K. J Stine, C. De Meo, A. V. Demchenko, Chem. - A European J. 2024, e202401214

"Electrochemical Detection of Hormones Using Nanostructured Electrodes", N. Haroon and K. J. Stine, MDPI Coatings, 2023, 13, 2040.

"Nanostructure Modified Electrodes for Electrochemical Detection of Contaminants of Emerging Concern", T. M. Adeniji and K. J. Stine, MDPI Coatings 2023, 13, 381.

″Chemical Synthesis of Human Milk Oligosaccharides: para-Lacto-N-hexaose and para-Lacto-N-neohexaose″, Y. Singh, S. Escopy, M. Shadrick, M. D. Bandara, K. J. Stine, Keith and A. V. Demchenko. Chem. - A European J. 2023, 29, e202302288

″Versatile technique to produce a hierarchical design in nanoporous gold,″ P. Sondhi, D. Neupane, J. K. Bhattarai, H. Ali, A. V. Demchenko and K. J. Stine, Journal of Visualized Experiments, 2023, 192, e65065

″Atomic force microscopy study of the complexation of sterols and thr glycoalkaloid α-tomatine in Langmuir-Blodget monolayers, ″ B. Nepal and K. J. Stine, Chem.& Phys. of Lipids 2023, 252, 105293

"Applications of Nanoporous Gold in Therapy, Drug Delivery and Diagnostics", P. Sondhi, D. Lingden, J. K. Bhattarai, A. V. Demchenko and K. J. Stine, MDPI Metals, 2023, 13, 78.

″Effect of mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with α-tomatine on HepG2 cancer cells studied in vitro″, B. Nepal, J. K. Bhattarai, K. Dhami, M. R. Nichols and K. J. Stine, J. Drug. Deliv. Sci & Tech. 2023, 79, 104033.

"Facile fabrication of hierarchically nanostructured gold electrode for bio-electrochemical applications", P. Sondhi, D. Neupane, J. K. Bhattarai, A. V. Demchenko and K. J. Stine, J. Electroanalytical Chem. 2022, 924, 116865.

"N-Alkylated Analogues of Indolylthio Glycosides as Glycosyl Donors with Enhanced Activation Profile," G. Shrestha, M. Panza, Y. Singh, K. J. Stine and A. V. Demchenko, Eur. J. Org. Chem., 2022, e202200300.

“Recent Strategies for Using Monolithic Materials in Glycoprotein and Glycopeptide Analysis”, A. J. Alla and K. J. Stine, MDPI Separations, 2022, 9, 44.

"Streamlined access to carbohydrate building blocks: Methyl 2,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-α-D-glucopyranoside", G. Shrestha, G. A. Kashiwagi, K. J. Stine and A. V. Demchenko, Carbohydrate Res. 2022, 511, 108482.

″Electrodeposition of nanoporous gold thin films,″ P. Sondhi, and K. J. Stine, Nanofibers, 2021 1-20, IntechOpen.

“Nanostructured Materials for Glycan based Applications”, K. J. Stine, J. K. Bhattarai, M. H. Uddin Maruf, D. Neupane, B. Nepal, and P. Sondhi in Comprehensive Glycoscience, 2nd Edition, volume 4 (Narain, Ravin, Editor), Elsevier, 2021, 474-504.

"Methods to Generate Structurally Hierarchical Architectures in Nanoporous Coinage Metals", P. Sondhi and K. J. Stine, MDPI Coatings, 2021, 11, 1440.

“Electrochemical Sandwich Assays for Biomarkers Incorporating Aptamers, Antibodies and Nanomaterials for Detection of Specific Protein Biomarkers.”, D. Neupane and K. J. Stine, Applied Sciences, 2021, 11, 7087.

″Nanoporous Gold Monolith for High Loading of Unmodified Doxorubicin and Sustained Co-Release of Doxorubicin-Rapamycin″, J. K Bhattarai, D. Neupune, B. Nepal, A. V. Demchenko and K. J. Stine,  Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 208.

Complete list of publications