Case #11a

An 8 year old male with Down syndrome. The child receives special education and is an inclusion student in a regular education classroom. He receives language therapy 3 times per week. His teacher's aide accompanies him for the examination and indicates that he has a significant behavior problem in the classroom and can identify some letters when he wants to.

Clinical findings:

• -5.50 retinoscopy
• orthotropia

Case #11b

A 7 year old female with cerebral palsy presents with a history of esotropia. The child is wheelchair bound, has moderate MR and is currently working with a communication device (a head mounted pointer is used to point to symbols on a board to express ideas, wants, letters, etc.

Clinical findings:

• constant right esotropia, 35 pd
• +2.00 retinoscopy

Case #11c

An 8 year old boy presents with a history of ADHD and is taking10 mg/day Ritalin. The child receives special education services for learning disability. The child had an eye examination two weeks before. The child's parents report that he has a very close working distance.