Chris
Baldick, The
Social Mission of English Criticism (96-7) on the 1921 Newboldt
Report, “The Teaching of English in England” (which can be found here):
The Report recognizes that great
literature and 'common life' have become increasingly separated since the
Middle Ages, and that this process has been accelerated greatly by the
Industrial Revolution and the growth of the huge manufacturing cities (an analysis
developed later by the Leavises). Hence the
prevailing distrust of literature among the working classes. But at this point
the Report suddenly casts aside its dismal warnings of growing class hostility,
and invokes a romantic vision of the
future poet, in a passage which concentrates the weight and direction of
the committee's enthusiasm:
Here
too lies our hope; since the time cannot be far distant when the poet, who
'follows wheresoever he can find an atmosphere of
sensation in which to move his wings', will invade this vast new territory, and
so once more bring sanctification and joy into the sphere of common life. It is
not in man to hasten this consummation. The wind bloweth
where it listeth. All we can do here is to draw
attention to the existing divorce, and to suggest measures that may lead to
reunion.
The interim, we feel, belongs
chiefly to the professors of English literature. The rise of modern
Universities has accredited an ambassador of poetry to every important capital
of industrialism in the country, and upon his shoulders rests a responsibility
greater we think than is yet generally recognised.
The Professor of Literature in a University should be - and sometimes is, as we
gladly recognise - a missionary in a more real and
active sense than any of his colleagues. He has obligations not merely to the
students who come to him to read for a degree, but still more towards the
teeming population outside the University walls, most of whom have not so much
as 'heard whether there be any Holy Ghost'.** The
fulfillment of these obligations means propaganda work, organisation
and the building up of a staff of assistant missionaries. But first , and above
all, it means a right attitude of mind, a conviction that literature and life
are in fact inseparable, that literature is not just a subject for academic
study but one of the chief temples of
the human spirit, in which all should worship.
** See Acts 19:1-7.